Learning basic Hindi words

Word #74 is "the" (definite article in Eng). 

The Hindi words used in place are वही / यह / वह (vahee / yah / vah) depending upon the context. We have learnt these words earlier too, for other English words. 

Actually, "the" is not at all translated in many Indian languages. For example, "The Bible" = बाइबल (bAibal). "the beginning and the end" = शुरुआत और अंत (shuruAth aur anth). 

So, in each of these cases, the article "the" simply does not exist in the translation

Word #75 is "their" (Eng). 

This adjective, like others, have this gender / plural versions in Hindi - which will depend upon the object. 

That way, here are the three variants we need to know : उनका (unkA) उनकी (unkee) उनके (unkE) and you can possibly figure out what is what by now

Here are examples to showcase the three variants:

their fruits = उनके फल (unkE phal - plural)
their books = उनकी किताबें (unkee kithAbEn -feminine)
their house = उनका घर (unkA ghar - masculine)

Word #76 is "them" (Eng). 

This is closely related to the word we learnt yesterday and has a similar form in Hindi as well. उन्हें (unhEn) is the word used. 

Example : "Doctor cured them" gets translated as "डॉक्टर ने उन्हें ठीक किया" (doctor nE unhEn teek kiyA)

Word #77 is "then" (Eng). 

There are a couple of Hindi words that are used to convey this meaning. फिर  (phir) and  तो (thO) are used as connectives between statements to convey this in essence.

Example : "if so, then treat" will get translated to "यदि हां, तो इलाज करें" (yadhi hAn, thO ilAj karEn)

Word #78 is "there" (Eng). 

And the Hindi word is "वहाँ" (vahAn). At times another word could be used, "उधर" (udhar). 

I am not very clear as to how to pick one or the other (as I am also a student of the language). If someone comes across the selection criteria, please let me know

Word #79 is "they" (Eng) the pronoun. 

The Hindi for this is "वे" (vE). 

Here again, the "rhyme" with the corresponding English word has to be noted They - vEy

Word #80 is "thing"(Eng). 

The direct Hindi word used for this is "चीज़" (cheez). 

Another word that is used at times is "बात" (bAth) which could mean either speech or thing.

We have come to this number 80 (Eighty) and its Hindi word अस्सी (assee) is kind of odd.

Let's have some fun with this Hindi number 80, assee.

As one can see with the number 8, the pronunciation in a number of languages has a "T" and sounds like a baloon pop

In English it is "eighT", in Malayalam / Tamil also very similar sound "eTTu". Even the Greek one is "ocTo" (as in ocTopus, the sea creature with 8 limbs) - all have the T sound.

Hindi too has "aaT" with the T sound for 8. Other numbers ending in 8 also have similar sounds:
 
18 - aTTArA
28 - aTTAyees
38 - aTthees
48 - aTthAlees
58 - aTTAvan
68 - aTsat
78 - aThaththar
88 - aTTassee
98 - aTTAnubE

That way, while all 8's sound like baloon pops, only the word 80 has this "assee" that sounds like a deflated baloon, without a T.

Word #81 is "think" (Eng) which is a verb and like all of them takes many forms. 

The corresponding Hindi word is "सोच" (sOch). You'll also find the usage of "लग" (lag) to convey essentially the same meaning. 

आपको क्या लगता है (ApkO kyA lagthA hai) translates to "what do you think".

aap kyA sOchthA hai = aapkO kyA lagthA hai

Word #82 is "this"(Eng). 

Another word that rhymes with this in Hindi

i.e. "इस"(is) in Hindi means the same as "this".

Word #83 is "time"(Eng), a very important word indeed. 

We use two words in Hindi quite often - समय (samay) and  वक़्त (vakt). 

"Difficult time" gets translated as "मुश्किल समय" (mushkil samay). Interestingly, however, "difficult times" gets translated as "मुश्किल की घड़ी" (mushkil ki ghadee) and one may wonder what is that other word. That "ghadee" literally means "clock" and gets used for "times" as well.

Word #84 is "to" (Eng). 

Let us first see the simple meaning as a preposition (as in "from-to"). The Hindi word for this usage of "to" is "तक" (thak). For example, a statement as "Train from Mumbai to Delhi" gets translated as "मुंबई से दिल्ली तक ट्रेन" (mumbai sE dhilli thak train - "sE" is "from" and "thak" is "to"). That is one use of the word. 

The other use of this word in English is to add with verbs, such as "to think". In such usage, a suffix "ना" (nA) gets added to the verb, in this case "सोच" (sOch which means think) becomes "सोचना" (sOchnA). This suffix addition happens to most of the verbs.

Please also note that it need not be "ना" suffix always (which is masculine). It could also be "नी" or "ने" (feminine / plural). That way, the variants could be such as सोचना,  सोचने,  सोचनी, as examples.

Word #85 is "under" (Eng). 

The Hindi word for this is "नीचे" (neechE). 

Example : "Cat is under the table" gets translated as "बिल्ली मेज के नीचे है" (billee mEj kE neechE hai). billiee means cat and mEj means table (does it not sound similar to the Spanish "mesa"?)

In Tamil, table is called "mEsai" and in Malayalam it is called "mEsa".  One word where Spanish meets all Indian languages

Word #86 us "up"(Eng). 

And we have a Hindi word that is similar to English here  "ऊपर" (ooper).

This is one of the words that I learnt during my first ever trip to a place where Hindi was spoken (To Bombay - now Mumbai - in 1978). We stayed in a room upstairs and had to get the key from the estate watchman. "ooper room kA chAbi" or something like that was what we had to say.

Word #87 is "us" (Eng) and the Hindi is "हमें" (hamEin) or sometimes simply "हम" (hum).

As an example, the sentence "teach us please" gets translated as "कृपया हमें सिखाएं" (krupayA hamEin sikhAyEn).

Word #88 is "use" (Eng).

The Hindi word currently used much is "इस्तेमाल" (isthEmAl). The older word "उपयोग" (upayOg) is good to use as well.

Example : "How do we use the word "use"?" = हम "उपयोग" शब्द का इस्तेमाल कैसे करते हैं? (hum "upayOg" shabth kA isthEmAl kaise karthE hai)

Word #89 is "very"(Eng) and this is a word already known to most of us.

"बहुत" (bahuth). Simple example is "very good" which is 'बहुत अच्छा" (bahuth achchA) and this is something we want to use all the time, for commendation

Word #90 is "we" (Eng).

Once again, this is some word we have come across in other forms already. "हम" (hum).

We have heard this word recently when we learnt "us". Same word.

Words 91-96 have been covered earlier when we learnt the words for "questions". So, I need not run them one daily but summarize in this one post today :

91. what = क्या (kyA)
92. when = कब (kab)
93. where = कहाँ (kahAn)
94. which = कौन सा (kaun sA)
95. who = कौन (kaun)
96. why = क्यों (kyOn)

We need to keep using and practicing these to remember. That's all :-)

Word #97 is "with" (Eng).

Yet another preposition and an often-used word in any language. The Hindi word for this is "साथ" (sAth).

Interestingly, this is the root word for "साथी" (sAthi) which means companion / friend. Someone who has to be "with" me, all the time - especially when in need

Word #98 is "yes" (Eng) - another easy word that the group is mostly familiar with.

Actually, this is one word which I try to get any language learning person / group familiarize with in the very first session!

"हाँ" (hAn) is the Hindi equivalent and typically people attach a "जी" as either prefix or suffix. Both हाँ जी (hAn jee) and जी हाँ (jee hAn) are acceptable and considered very polite!

Word #99 is "you" (Eng).

Unlike English, Indian languages use different words for singular and plural.

That way, "you" addressing a single person in Hindi is "तुम" (thum) and addressing multiple people (or addressing a single person with plural for honor) is "आप" (Ap).

Word #100 is "your" (Eng).

The last one in this collection. This is related to the 99th one and is a derivative. Since this is adjective, it has masculine / feminine and plural versions as usual.

तुम्हारा (thumhArA) / तुम्हारी (thumhAree) are the singular versions, depending upon the audience as well as the object.

आपका (ApkA), आपकी (Apkee) are the ones for plural audience (or with respect / honor). "your books" gets translated as "आपकी किताबें" (Apkee kithAbEn).

With that word, all the 100 are done

The whatsapp group also needed some reading lessons.

So running some simple powerpoint videos.

I'm also placing them in youtube...this is the one for day#1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uR5kEkLA_Gg

Youtube with the video sent for Day 2 - इ ई कि की

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvZneYZ5V9U

Day 3 video - this one with my voice in audio
(throat is not good but had to do as wife's throat is worse this week)...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEnKXldUzWQ